Power Factor is calculated: PF = Cosine ( phase angle in radians)
Power factor has no engineering units.
The value of PF ranges from -1 to 0 to 1 (lagging – none – leading)
Loads that only present a resistive load (no capacitance or inductance) have a PF of 1.
Inductive Loads
Current phase lags the Voltage
Typical - Transformers and motors (wound conductors)
Capacitive Loads
Current phase leads the Voltage
Typical - Buried Cables, capacitor banks
There is nothing ‘wrong’ with having a power factor that isn’t 1.0.
See also Apparent Power
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